# Arieta Data

> Arieta Data licenses structured European legal data (EU legislation, CJEU case law and national legislation from 15 countries) for AI training, retrieval-augmented generation and evaluation. Records are parsed to article level, versioned by content hash and linked by a typed citation graph. Arieta Data is the dataset business of Arieta Labs Ltd, the company behind LexAPI.

As of the November 2026 snapshot (snapshot 2026-11): 3,915,679 documents in the whole corpus (incl. held), 419,355 documents ready to license, approx. 4,070,553 articles, 15,098 versions, 801,149 licensable citation edges, 5,494,033 citations in the corpus graph, approx. 2,050,707,780 tokens; documents dated 1801-06-10 to 2026-11-12. National case law (3,496,146 decisions) is included, delivered with personal data masked; UK case law is not offered. Pricing: free sample (upstream licences per record); Research from €7,000/yr; Commercial from €18,000/yr; Foundation/Lab from €50,000. Licence agreement on request. Custom cuts per jurisdiction, language, date range or document type are prepared within 5⁠–⁠6 business days. We reply within one business day. Company: Arieta Labs Ltd, England & Wales no. 16629785, founded by Nejc Fošnarič. Guides are written by Nejc Fošnarič, Founder, Arieta Labs. Contact: info@arietalabs.com.

## Datasets

- [Arieta Data Legal Corpus](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/corpus/): Article-level EU and national legal text with full metadata. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/corpus/index.md), [Croissant](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/corpus/croissant.json), [free sample](https://data.arietalabs.com/samples/corpus.jsonl.gz))
- [Arieta Data Version History](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/history/): Every content-hash version we have observed, for point-in-time training and evals. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/history/index.md), [Croissant](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/history/croissant.json), [free sample](https://data.arietalabs.com/samples/history.jsonl.gz))
- [Arieta Data Citation Graph](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/graph/): Typed citation edges across EU and national law. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/graph/index.md), [Croissant](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/graph/croissant.json), [free sample](https://data.arietalabs.com/samples/graph.jsonl.gz))
- [Arieta Data Legal Eval](https://data.arietalabs.com/datasets/eval/): Retrieval QA and citation QA sets, built to your spec from the graph and the history. (built on request)

## Buying

- [Licensing and pricing](https://data.arietalabs.com/licensing/): tiers, rights matrix, updates and tombstone obligations ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/licensing/index.md))
- [Provenance and AI Act](https://data.arietalabs.com/provenance/): pipeline, licences, personal-data handling, Article 53 summary text ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/provenance/index.md))
- [Request access](https://data.arietalabs.com/request-access/): ask for a sample cut, the licence agreement and a quote

## Coverage

- [Coverage overview](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/): every lane, its licence and status ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/index.md))
- [European Union (EU)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/eu/): Included; 61,410 documents; EUR-Lex legal notice (reuse authorised, source acknowledged; Commission documents under Decision 2011/833/EU)
- [Austria (AT)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/at/): Legislation and case law included; 10,212 documents; CC BY 4.0 (RIS OGD, Namensnennung 4.0 International)
- [Czech Republic (CZ)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/cz/): Legislation and case law included; 8,700 documents; NKOD podmínky užití: no copyright work, no database right, no sui generis right (≈ CC0)
- [Germany (DE)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/de/): Legislation and case law included; 5,921 documents; Official works outside copyright (§ 5(1) UrhG); no licence stated by GII / RII
- [Denmark (DK)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/dk/): Legislation and case law included; 10,715 documents; Betingelser for anvendelse af Civilstyrelsens åbne data (gratis, ikke-eksklusiv og ubegrænset brugsret; ophavsretslovens § 9)
- [Spain (ES)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/es/): Legislation and case law included; 6,833 documents; Condiciones de reutilización de la AEBOE (licencia tipo, Resolución de 27 de junio de 2024; Ley 37/2007)
- [Finland (FI)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/fi/): Included; 5,265 documents; Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) — Finlex open data
- [France (FR)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/fr/): Legislation and case law included; 117,321 documents; Licence Ouverte 2.0 (+ Judilibre CGU for case law)
- [Croatia (HR)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/hr/): Legislation and case law included; 27,077 documents; Official texts outside copyright (ZAPSP NN 111/2021 čl. 18 st. 3); odluke.sudovi.hr Uvjeti korištenja (automated download, any use, attribution)
- [Italy (IT)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/it/): Legislation and case law included; 1,553 documents; CC BY 4.0 (Normattiva open data, in force from 1 Jan 2026; all records fetched in 2026; OpenGA: CC BY 4.0)
- [Lithuania (LT)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/lt/): Legislation and case law included; 29,325 documents; Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (data.gov.lt datasets 2613 and 1938); legal acts and court decisions outside copyright (Autorių teisių įstatymas, art. 5)
- [Netherlands (NL)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/nl/): Legislation and case law included; 22,310 documents; No copyright on statutes and judgments (Auteurswet art. 11) and no database right (Databankenwet art. 8); Rechtspraak open data Public Domain Mark / CC0
- [Poland (PL)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/pl/): Legislation and case law included; 18,534 documents; No licence stated; official acts and judgments excluded from copyright (art. 4 Prawo autorskie), re-use under the Open Data Act 2021
- [Sweden (SE)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/se/): Legislation and case law included; 5,320 documents; Riksdagens öppna data: free use and redistribution with attribution ("Källa: Sveriges riksdag"); court decisions and statutes exempt from copyright (9 § URL 1960:729)
- [Slovenia (SI)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/si/): Legislation and case law included; 9,362 documents; CC BY 4.0 (Priznanje avtorstva), OPSI records for PISRS NPB and Sodna praksa
- [United Kingdom (UK)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/uk/): Included; 79,497 documents; Open Government Licence v3.0
- [United Kingdom: case law (Find Case Law) (UK-FCL)](https://data.arietalabs.com/coverage/uk-fcl/): Not offered; Open Justice Licence v2.0 (computational analysis excluded)
- National lanes in preparation (EU law already included): Portugal, Belgium, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Greece, Latvia, Estonia
- Separate files, scope and timing on request (licence documented): Italy: Corte costituzionale

## Guides

- [AI Act Article 53 training-data summary: a template for legal corpora](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/ai-act-article-53-training-data-summary-template/): Under Article 53(1)(d) of the AI Act, providers of general-purpose AI models must publish a training-content summary using the AI Office template of 24 July 2025; a licensed legal corpus such as Arieta Data is reported in Section 2.2 (private datasets obtained from third parties), while a model trained only on the free public sample, whose records carry their upstream licences, would report it under Section 2.1 (publicly available datasets). ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/ai-act-article-53-training-data-summary-template/index.md))
- [CELEX, ECLI and ELI explained: legal identifiers for ML engineers](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/celex-ecli-eli-identifiers-guide/): CELEX is EUR-Lex's identifier for every EU legal document (the GDPR is 32016R0679); the European Case Law Identifier (ECLI), introduced by Council conclusions in 2011, identifies court decisions across the EU (Schrems II is ECLI:EU:C:2020:559); and the European Legislation Identifier (ELI), from Council conclusions in 2012, gives legislation stable URIs such as http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj. In a pipeline they are the join keys, citation targets and deduplication keys that make legal data verifiable. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/celex-ecli-eli-identifiers-guide/index.md))
- [Citation graphs as supervision signal for legal retrieval](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/citation-graphs-legal-retrieval-supervision/): A legal citation graph links documents by explicit, typed relations such as amendment, repeal, legal basis and transposition, so its edges can serve as positive pairs, hard-negative sources and gold relevance sets for legal retrievers without manual labelling; Arieta Data's graph dataset types every edge and records where it came from, with no probabilistic edges. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/citation-graphs-legal-retrieval-supervision/index.md))
- [Common Crawl vs curated legal data for LLM training](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/common-crawl-vs-curated-legal-data/): Common Crawl is free and huge (over 300 billion pages, per its homepage in November 2026), but it holds legal text as page snapshots with menus, no article structure, no identifiers or versions, uneven coverage, and no licence of its own; many official legal portals also block CCBot or AI crawlers. For legal pre-training breadth it helps; for fine-tuning, RAG and evals, a curated corpus with structure, dates and per-source licences is what makes results verifiable. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/common-crawl-vs-curated-legal-data/index.md))
- [EU copyright, TDM opt-outs and the AI Act: what applies to legal training data](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/ai-act-copyright-tdm-opt-out-legal-data/): Partly. Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2019/790 allows text and data mining of lawfully accessible works unless the rightholder has reserved it, and Article 53(1)(c) of the AI Act requires general-purpose AI providers to have a policy that honours those reservations; but statutes and judgments are outside copyright in most member states, and EUR-Lex content is licensed for reuse, so for official legal texts the opt-out usually has little to bite on. Editorial content, third-party material and personal data still need care. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/ai-act-copyright-tdm-opt-out-legal-data/index.md))
- [EU directive transposition as structured data: national measures, CELEX sector 7 and the graph](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eu-directive-transposition-data/): Member states notify the national measures that transpose each directive to the European Commission, and the Publications Office publishes them on EUR-Lex under the directive's 'National transposition' tab, each with a CELEX sector 7 number such as 72016L0680FRA_263118; harvested from Cellar, these notifications become directive-to-national-law edges. A notification is the member state's own statement, not proof of complete or correct transposition. Arieta Data's 2026-11 graph holds 66,670 transposition edges. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eu-directive-transposition-data/index.md))
- [EU legislation datasets for LLM training: what's available and what it costs](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eu-legislation-datasets-llm-training/): Free research datasets such as MultiEURLEX, EURLEX57K and EUR-Lex-Sum are static, task-shaped snapshots; building your own from EUR-Lex and Cellar is free in licence terms but costly in engineering; licensed corpora such as Arieta Data add article-level structure, version history, a typed citation graph and monthly updates, from €7,000 a year. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eu-legislation-datasets-llm-training/index.md))
- [How to build a legal eval set from a citation graph](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/legal-eval-set-citation-graph/): Derive the gold answers from relations the law already states: a citation graph gives cited provisions, amending acts, implementing acts and notified national transposition measures as gold sets, and a version history gives as-of dates and held-out changes; lawyers then review a sample instead of labelling everything. Arieta Data's 2026-11 graph has 801,149 typed edges, including 66,670 transposition edges. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/legal-eval-set-citation-graph/index.md))
- [How to chunk legal documents for RAG: by article, not by token count](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/legal-rag-chunking-article-level/): Chunk legislation by its own structure: one chunk per article (or per paragraph for long articles), carrying the act's identifier, title, article number and version date as metadata; fixed token windows split rules from their exceptions and lose the citation a grounded answer needs, while article-level chunks map one-to-one to citable provisions. Arieta Data's 2026-11 snapshot ships approx. 4.07M articles already split this way. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/legal-rag-chunking-article-level/index.md))
- [Is EUR-Lex data licensable for AI training? The EUR-Lex legal notice and Decision 2011/833/EU explained](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eur-lex-data-licence-ai-training/): Yes, in general: the EUR-Lex legal notice (Commission documents: Decision 2011/833/EU) allows the legal documents on EUR-Lex to be reused, and Commission Decision 2011/833/EU allows Commission documents to be reused for commercial or non-commercial purposes without application, on conditions such as acknowledging the source and not distorting the meaning; it does not mention AI training, and it excludes third-party intellectual property and does not displace data-protection law. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/eur-lex-data-licence-ai-training/index.md))
- [National legislation datasets in Europe: sources, licences and formats by country](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/national-legislation-datasets-europe/): Every EU member state and the UK publishes its legislation online, and most offer an API or bulk XML: Légifrance/DILA (France, Licence Ouverte 2.0), legislation.gov.uk (UK, Open Government Licence v3.0), gesetze-im-internet.de (Germany, statutes outside copyright under § 5 UrhG), BOE (Spain), RIS (Austria, CC BY 4.0) and others; terms differ by country, so attribution, authenticity and personal-data rules must be tracked per source. Arieta Data's 2026-11 snapshot holds 350k+ national legislation documents from 15 countries. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/national-legislation-datasets-europe/index.md))
- [Parallel corpora of EU law in 24 languages for MT and multilingual LLMs](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/multilingual-eu-law-parallel-corpus/): EU legislation is published in all 24 official EU languages, which are equally authentic, so EUR-Lex is the largest source of professionally translated legal text in Europe; ready-made parallel corpora include the Commission's DGT-TM (24 languages, latest release 2021), JRC-Acquis (22 languages) and MultiEURLEX (65k laws in 23 languages), and you can build your own by aligning language versions on the CELEX number and article number. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/multilingual-eu-law-parallel-corpus/index.md))
- [Point-in-time legal data: why version history matters for legal AI evals](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/point-in-time-legal-data-version-history/): Legal texts are amended after an eval is written, so an eval built on the latest text leaks future law into past questions and silently invalidates gold answers; Arieta Data's history dataset records every content-hash version it has observed with a timestamp, so an eval can be pinned to what a source said on a given date. ([Markdown](https://data.arietalabs.com/guides/point-in-time-legal-data-version-history/index.md))

## Glossary

- [CELEX number](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/celex/): A CELEX number is the unique document identifier EUR-Lex assigns to every EU legal document, encoding its sector, year, document type and sequence number.
- [ECLI (European Case Law Identifier)](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/ecli/): The European Case Law Identifier (ECLI) is a uniform identifier for court decisions across EU member states and EU courts, in the form ECLI:country:court:year:number.
- [ELI (European Legislation Identifier)](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/eli/): The European Legislation Identifier (ELI) is a URI scheme and metadata model that gives legislation stable, human-readable web identifiers, such as http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/679/oj.
- [Consolidated text](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/consolidated-text/): A consolidated text is a version of an act that merges the original with all its later amendments and corrigenda into one readable document; in most systems it is for information only, though some countries publish official consolidations.
- [Official Journal of the European Union](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/official-journal/): The Official Journal of the European Union (OJ) is the EU’s gazette; since 1 July 2013 its electronic edition is the authentic, legally binding publication of EU legislation.
- [CJEU (Court of Justice of the European Union)](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/cjeu/): The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is the EU’s judicial institution, made up of the Court of Justice and the General Court; its rulings interpret EU law for every member state.
- [Transposition](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/transposition/): Transposition is the process by which an EU member state turns a directive into national law, by adopting national measures it then notifies to the European Commission.
- [Tombstone](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/tombstone/): A tombstone is a record in a delta snapshot saying that a previously delivered record has been withdrawn and must be deleted by every licensee.
- [Content hash](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/content-hash/): A content hash is a SHA-256 digest of a document’s normalised parsed text; Arieta Data records a new version whenever the hash changes.
- [Croissant](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/croissant/): Croissant is MLCommons’ JSON-LD metadata format for machine-learning datasets, extending schema.org Dataset with record sets, fields and file descriptions so tools can load a dataset without custom code.
- [EUR-Lex](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/eur-lex/): EUR-Lex is the official online portal to EU law, run by the Publications Office of the European Union, giving free access to the Official Journal, legislation, case law and preparatory acts.
- [Cellar](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/cellar/): Cellar is the Publications Office of the European Union’s semantic repository that stores EU publications and their metadata and feeds EUR-Lex; it exposes SPARQL and REST interfaces.
- [Citation graph](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/citation-graph/): A legal citation graph is a directed graph whose nodes are legal documents and whose edges record that one document cites, amends, repeals, implements or transposes another.
- [Point-in-time data](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/point-in-time/): Point-in-time data records what a source said at each moment, so a model or eval can be restricted to information that existed on a given date.
- [Snapshot](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/snapshot/): An Arieta Data snapshot is a complete, immutable monthly cut of every SKU, identified YYYY-MM and shipped with a manifest of counts and SHA-256 checksums per shard.
- [Delta snapshot](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/delta-snapshot/): A delta snapshot contains only what changed since the previous snapshot: new and updated records (upserts) and withdrawn records (tombstones).
- [Datasheet for datasets](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/datasheet/): A datasheet for datasets is a structured document describing a dataset’s motivation, composition, collection process, preprocessing, uses, distribution and maintenance, following Gebru et al.
- [Share-alike licence](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/share-alike/): A share-alike licence such as CC BY-SA requires that adaptations of the licensed material be distributed under the same or a compatible licence.
- [AI Act training-content summary](https://data.arietalabs.com/glossary/gpai-training-summary/): Under Article 53(1)(d) of the AI Act, providers of general-purpose AI models must publish a sufficiently detailed summary of the content used for training, using the template provided by the AI Office.

## Optional

- [Full text for LLMs](https://data.arietalabs.com/llms-full.txt): all key pages, lane facts and guides in one file
- [About Arieta Labs](https://data.arietalabs.com/about/): company facts and founder ([Nejc Fošnarič](https://data.arietalabs.com/about/#nejc-fosnaric/))
- [Changelog](https://data.arietalabs.com/changelog/): snapshot releases
- [Arieta Labs](https://arietalabs.co.uk): the company
- [LexAPI](https://lex-api.com): the REST API and MCP server over the same corpus (a separate product of Arieta Labs)